Archaeology Glossary Terms
Archaeology »Glossary terms a - A
Archaeology glossary is a comprehensive guide which provides meanings of popular terminology used in archaeology. It is particularly a valuable source for the people who term themselves as beginners in the field of archaeology.
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archaeozoology
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sometimes referred to as zooarchaeology, this involves the identification and analysis of faunal species from archaeological sites, as an aid to the reconstruction of human diets and to an understanding of the contemporary environment at the time of deposition.
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archaic
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New World time period known for its permanent settlements and the transformation to an agrarian economy from one of hunting and gathering.
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Archaic Period
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A time frame in North American pre-history spanning 7,000 years between 10,000 B.P. to 3000 B.P. after Paleo and before Woodland times. The 7,000 years is further defined as Early, Middle and Late which are also defined elsewhere in this glossary.
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Arrowhead or Arrowpoint
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A weapon point or tip made of stone, bone, metal or other material which in general is less than 2 1/2 inches in length (63 mm) and attributed no earlier than the Woodland phase of North American Aborigine prehistory. Larger points are regarded as spear points or knife blades and are associated with spear and dart atlatl or hand thrown delivery systems or hafted cutting.
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art
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object object any ifact carrying, or consisting of, decorative or istic elements.
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articulated
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two or more bones left in their anatomical position after tissue decay.
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artifact
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any manually portable product of human workmanship (see feature). In its broadest sense includes tools, weapons, ceremonial items, art objects, all industrial waste, and all floral and faunal remains modified by human activity. Common examples include tools, utensils, art, food remains, and other products of human activity. An old, authentic object used, crafted or manufactured by the application of human workmanship or activity, especially one of prehistoric origin that may have archaeological
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ascribed status
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social standing or prestige which is the result of inheritance or hereditary factors (cf. achieved status).
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assemblage
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a group of artifacts recurring together at a particular time and place, and representing the sum of human activities. A group of artifacts which represent a culture. A group of artifacts related to each other based upon some recovery from a common archaeological context. Assemblage examples are artifacts from a site or feature.
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association
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the co-occurrence of an artifact with other archaeological remains, usually in the same matrix.
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